The consensus algorithms in blockchain can be classified into two broad categories: Traditional—voting-based consensus Lottery-based—Nakamoto and post-Nakamoto consensus   Traditional voting-based consensus has been researched in distributed systems for many decades. Algorithms like Paxos and PBFT are prime examples of such types of algorithms.   Traditional consensus can also be called fault-tolerant distributed consensus. In […]

Consensus is a fundamental problem in distributed systems. Since the 1970s this problem has been researched in the context of distributed systems, but recently, with the advent of blockchain technology, a renewed interest has arisen in developing distributed consensus algorithms that are suitable for blockchain networks.   The distributed consensus problem has been studied extensively […]

With the growth of blockchain, several ideas have emerged that make use of the decentralized property of blockchain to provide more user centric and fully decentralized services.   Some of the key trends or ideas in decentralization are decentralized web, decentralized identity, and decentralized finance.   Decentralized Web Decentralized web is a term that’s used […]

Today, there are many platforms available for decentralization. Any blockchain network, such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, Hyperledger Fabric, or Quorum, can be used to provide a decentralization service.   Many organizations around the world have introduced platforms that promise to make distributed application development easy, accessible, and secure. Some of these platforms are described as follows: […]

A Decentralized Application (DApp) run on top of a blockchain in a peer-to-peer network. They represent the latest advancement in decentralization technology.   DApps at a fundamental level are software programs that execute using either of the following methods. They are categorized as Type 1, Type 2, or Type 3 DApps:   Type 1: Run […]

The following concepts are worth citing in the context of decentralization. The terminology introduced here is often used in the literature concerning decentralization and its applications.   Smart Contracts A smart contract is a software program that usually runs on a blockchain. Smart contracts do not necessarily need a blockchain to run; however, due to […]

The blockchain is a distributed ledger that runs on top of conventional systems. These elements include storage, communication, and computation.   Storage Data can be stored directly in a blockchain, and with this fact it achieves decentralization. However, a significant disadvantage of this approach is that a blockchain is not suitable for storing large amounts […]

There are systems that pre-date blockchain and Bitcoin, including BitTorrent and the Gnutella file-sharing system, which to a certain degree could be classified as decentralized, but due to a lack of any incentivization mechanism, participation from the community gradually decreased.   There wasn’t any incentive to keep the users interested in participating in the growth […]

Two methods for achieving decentralization are: disintermediation and competition.   Disintermediation The concept of disintermediation can be explained with the aid of an example. Imagine that you want to send money to a friend in another country.   You go to a bank, which, for a fee, will transfer your money to the bank in […]